No record of foreign troops was found. With the rebel victory, all unauthorized foreign troops were withdrawn.

On 21 March, France began to withdraw its forces. The withdrawal was completed on 11 December after the first units of UNAMIR had taken up positions in Rwanda.¹ Nevertheless, during the genocidal events, foreign troops teamed up for the humanitarian actions.² Nevertheless, Belgium did withdraw its troops once its force in the UNAMIR came under attack. The Belgian withdrew and also campaigned for the withdrawal of all forces.³

There was a record of presence of foreign troops in Rwanda after Ugandan based rebels, RPF, stormed into northern Rwanda and seemed to have made a gain against the pro-French regime in October 1990. According to a report, estimated 300 French troops, along with 600 Belgian paratroops and 500 soldiers from DRC seemed to have thwarted a potential assault on the capital.⁴ Presence of these foreign troops became contentious issues between the government and the rebel during the peace process and therefore the 1992 N’sele Cease-fire Agreement and the 1992 and the 1993 Protocol of Agreement on the Integration of the Armed Forces of the Two Parties had provision for the withdrawal of foreign troops. In February 1993, the FRP spokesperson in the northern city of Byumba accused that French troops were helping the government soldiers dig trenches and employ canons.⁵ The presence of France in Rwanda continued as the French Foreign Ministry affirmed that the reinforcement of contingent of 150 French paratroops were sent to Rwanda to protect “the French citizens living in this African country.”⁶ According to a report, France confirmed its 800-strong contingent stationed in Rwanda to protect French national but the rebel movement had accused the foreign troops, including French, of fighting on the side of the government.⁷ According to Human Rights Watch Report, France maintained as many as 1,100 there at one time; and as the Rwandan army expanded from fewer than 10,000 to more than 30,000 soldiers, the French gave training both the combatants and soldiers who would in turn serve as instructors for others.⁸ As of end of 1993, there was no report of withdrawal of foreign troops from Rwanda.

No further developments observed.

No further developments observed.

No further developments observed.

No further developments observed.

No further developments observed.

The UNAMIR concluded its mandate in March 1996.

The mandate for the UN Assistance Mission in Rwanda (UNAMIR), ended on 8 March 1996. After the withdrawal of UNAMIR, UN opened its office in Rwanda with major activities to coordination the UN activities at a senior level and serve as an advisory office for Rwanda.⁶ The UNAMIR concluded its mandate in March 1996.