Natural Resource Management: R-ARCSS
Implementations
Natural Resource Management – 2018
Under R-ARCSS, the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU) was required to conduct a review and audit of the petroleum industry, including producing a revenue-sharing framework and regulating the rights of landholders.
The RTGoNU was also required to review the 2008 Land Act regarding land tenure, management, and theft, establish a land registry, and mediate land related conflicts.
In addition, the RTGoNU will develop water, agriculture, livestock, wildlife, and fisheries management policies.
No progress observed in 2018.
Natural Resource Management – 2019
No progress observed in 2019.
Natural Resource Management – 2020
It was reported that the Economic Cluster of the RTGoNU initiated a study to assess all revenue streams and the current practices of remitting revenue into the public account. It was not clear whether the study was conducted as part of the tasks specified in the agreement or the fiscal hardships from declining oil prices and the COVID-19 pandemic.[1]
[1] “Kiir gives Igga green light to introduce economic reforms.” Eye Radio, August 7, 2020.
Natural Resource Management – 2021
In 2020, it was reported that the Economic Cluster of the RTGoNU initiated a study to assess all revenue streams and the current practices of remitting revenue into the public account.[1] It was not clear whether the study continued or not. As per the RJMEC report, the Economic and Financial Management Authority was not established and Oil Stabilization Account and the Future Generations Fund were not operational. Further, there was no reconstruction of the National Petroleum and Gas Commission.[2]
[1] “Kiir gives Igga green light to introduce economic reforms.” Eye Radio, August 7, 2020.
[2] On the Status of Implementation of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (1st January to 31st March 2021). Report no. 010/21. Reconstituted Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission (RJMEC). 24 April, 2021.
Natural Resource Management – 2022
As per the RJMEC report, the Ministry of Petroleum implemented some reforms specific to petroleum revenue accounts so that the sale of oil could be traced to government accounts. The ministry was said to have produced a petroleum marketing report, identification of loans and advances collateralized by oil, and a review of employment in the oil sector. Further, it was reported that the Public Finance Management Act, Petroleum Revenue Management Act, and Petroleum Act were submitted to the Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs. No further information is available on establishing the Economic and Financial Management Authority and reconstructing the National Petroleum and Gas Commission.[1]
[1] RJMEC report 014/2022; 015/2022; 016/2022; 017/2023.
Natural Resource Management – 2023
As of December 2023, the Petroleum Revenue Management Act, and the Petroleum Act were submitted to the Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs. Similarly, the Land Act and the Mining Act are pending in the Council of Ministers. The Land commission is yet to be constituted.[1]
[1] RJMEC. 2024. On The Status of Implementation of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan. Report No. 021/23 (January 2024).