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Military Reform – 1995

On 4 November 1995, it was reported that a ceremony took place at Hol Hol military camp to mark the integration of former FRUD soldiers into the Djibouti national army. Several dozen men were made officers and NCOs.¹

Those FRUD members who were not integrated into the national army — about 9,000 ex-combatants — were demobilized and send home.²

1. “DJIBOUTI: Rebel attacks,” The Indian Ocean Newsletter, November 4, 1995.
2. Kees Kingma, “Post-war Demobilization and the Reintegration of Ex-Combatants into Civilian Life,” (paper presented at USAID Conference, October 30-31, 1997), http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACD095.pdf.