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Education Reform – 1994

According to Farayah, the Lebanese government developed the ‘Plan for Educational ReformÕ in 1994. “The plan included objectives such as: (a) the strengthening of national affiliation and social cohesion among students; and (b) providing the new generation with the basic knowledge, skills and expertise, with emphasis on national upbringing and authentic Lebanese values, such as liberty, democracy, tolerance and rejection of violence.”¹ This plan’s initiatives, however, do not mean that the government actually carried out curriculum development as envisaged in the Taif accord.

1. “Lebanon, Ministry of Education, 1994,” 8, in Nemer Frayah, “Curricular Change: Education and Social Cohesions in Lebanon,” Prospects 33, no. 1 (2003): 84.