Civil Administration Reform: Arusha Accord – 4 August 1993

« Back to Accord

Civil Administration Reform: Arusha Accord – 4 August 1993

Implementations

Civil Administration Reform – 1993

The Arusha accord contained a provision for the reconstruction of the civil administration units in place before the conflict. No developments took place this year.

Civil Administration Reform – 1994

According to the UN Secretary General’s report, the Rwandan government “required assistance in reestablishing system of administration, justice, police, finance, education and health and all other responsibilities a government must discharge”.1 In reestablishing the civil administration, the UNAMIR assisted the government. The southwestern zone was fully coordinated with the UNAMIR and the civil administration was restored. The government installed prefects at Kibuye, Gikongoro and Cyangugu.2

In September 1994, the Rwandan prime minister announced the eight-point program for national unity which included organizing the central, prefectural, communal, sector and cell administrations.3

  1. “UN Secretary General’s Report to the Security Council,” United Nations (S/1994/924), August 3, 1994
  2. “UN Secretary General’s Report to the Security Council,” United Nations (S/1994/1133), October 6, 1994.
  3. “The World Factbook-1996,” CIA,1996, accessed September 11, 2011, http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/wofact96/211.htm.

Civil Administration Reform – 1995

After the establishment of a national unity government and the transitional national assembly, some progress was made in terms of reinstalling administrative entities. According to a report from the UN Secretary General, the administration was mostly restored throughout the country as of February. Nevertheless, the report highlights the challenges a lack of resources presents to running an effective administration.1

Once the civil administration was restored, UNAMIR II provided technical support to various administrative units to start-up operations.2

  1. “UN Secretary General’s Report to the Security Council,” United Nations (S/1995/107), February 6, 1995
  2. “UN Secretary General’s Report to the Security Council,”United Nation (S/1995/134), February 13, 1995.

Civil Administration Reform – 1996

No developments observed this year.

Civil Administration Reform – 1997

No developments observed this year.

Civil Administration Reform – 1998

No developments observed this year.

Civil Administration Reform – 1999

For the first time, local officials were elected at the cell and sector levels.

Civil Administration Reform – 2000

In 2000, the government announced plans for decentralization and administrative reform.

Civil Administration Reform – 2001

In 2001, there was a reorganization of the sub-regional administrative units, moving from 154 communes led by burgomasters to 92 districts plus 14 towns led by mayors. Prefectures governed by prefects were changed to provinces led by mayors but governed by an elected district council. The first district council elections were held in June 2001. Numerous government responsibilities were given to the districts and their sub-units known as sectors and cells, and the districts were to become largely self-financing.

Civil Administration Reform – 2002

Civil administration elections were held in March 2002.1

  1. Emmanuel Ndahimana, “Rwanda Decentralization Assessment,” Kigali: USAID, July 2002