Cease Fire: Accra Peace Agreement
Implementations
Cease Fire – 2003
A ceasefire was signed on 17 August 2003. Sporadic fighting between the LURD and government forces continued in the Monrovia area through December 2003. The Joint Monitoring Committee (JMC) began meeting on a weekly basis on 1 October 2003. According to the Secretary General, the JMC “has been a valuable mechanism for monitoring the ceasefire, maintaining dialogue among the armed groups, and facilitating contacts between UNMIL and the ground commanders of these groups.” The JMC collected information on armed groups’ personnel and locations, and the government provided information on the structure and location of the 12,000 troops. The LURD and MODEL provided only basic organizational data.1
- “Secretary General’s Report to the UN Security Council,” United Nations Security Council (S/2003/1175), December 15, 2003.
Cease Fire – 2004
The terms of the ceasefire were generally upheld, though sporadic violations occurred around Monrovia that involved the continued harassment of civilians. Though LURD and MODEL were slow to provide information regarding the lists and locations of combatants and military equipment to the JMC, the disarmament and demobilization of forces was completed on 31 October 2004. At this time, the JMC had fulfilled its mandate, after having met a total of 14 times during the year to monitor the compliance with the ceasefire agreement.1
- “Secretary General’s Reports to the UN Security Council,” United Nations Security Council (S/2004/229; S/2004/430; S/2004/725; S/2004/972), March 22, 2004; May 26, 2004; September 10, 2004; December 17, 2004.
Cease Fire – 2005
The first round of elections was held on the scheduled date of 11 October 2005. These elections were held for candidates vying for seats in the Senate and House of Representatives, as well as the candidates running for President. In the elections, “22 registered political parties, two alliances and one coalition, which put forward some 205 Senate and 513 House of Representatives candidates, and the 22 presidential candidates, with their running mates, conducted their political campaigns in a generally peaceful manner.”1 This was a significant post-conflict development in Liberia.
The post-conflict elections in 2005 moved Liberia from a transitional to a normalized political process. This suggests that there were no reports of any major ceasefire violations.
- “Secretary General’s Report to the Security Council,” United Nations Security Council (S/2005/764), December 7, 2005.
Cease Fire – 2006
The post-conflict elections in 2005 moved Liberia from a transitional to a normalized political process. This suggests that the ceasefire provision of the agreement was respected.
Cease Fire – 2007
No further developments observed.
Cease Fire – 2008
No further developments observed.
Cease Fire – 2009
No further developments observed.
Cease Fire – 2010
No further developments observed.
Cease Fire – 2011
No further developments observed.
Cease Fire – 2012
No further developments observed.